A Research Study On Nutrition And Treatment Of Blood Glucose

Today most people take for granted the amount of research, time, effort, and money that went into the development of medications or medical treatment. When someone reaches for the aspirin bottle to relieve a pounding headache or that lifesaving injection of insulin used daily to treat and manage levels of blood glucose are both the end results of long and costly research. Without research the awareness of vitamin deficiencies, treatments for cancer, organ transplantation, and vaccines for humans and animals would cease to exist. It all begins in the laboratory and the study of pathophysiology which looks at how living organism function and the effects certain disease. Basic research â€Å"bench studies† or preclinical research is performed†¦show more content†¦(Grady, 2008) For example, after a new drug or medical device has been proven safe and effective and is available to the general population, it still has to be monitored by the FDA for any possible unknown safety concerns, negative side effects, and/or potential unsafe drug interactions. In figure 1, the timeline only represents clinical trial research and development. In some cases basic research â€Å"bench† studies could take decades and may never even result in a clinical trial or ending up â€Å"beside†. Figure 1. Timeline of Clinical trail research and development. From Public Health News Ethical dilemmas can present themselves and consideration of ethical principles happen at every step of the way of the research process. For example, during the Ebola outbreak in 2014 there were several vaccines that were still in the experimental phase, meaning they had only been tested in laboratories on animals and still needed clinical researched involving human subjects. Researchers are under a great deal of pressure to find a cure or treatment and encounter ethical dilemmas. The need for a vaccine is urgent, however, rushing the experimental clinical phases could put people at greater risks and potential harm which violates the principle of beneficence to do â€Å"no harm†. The researchers had to decide which human subjects out of a large population infected with the virus would receive the experimental

The Theory Of Personality Psychology - 1292 Words

Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the differences between people’s behaviors in terms of patterns, cognitions, and emotion. Personality psychology has been around for centuries, since Hippocrates’ Four Humors. Personality psychology has taken on many forms and has continued to develop throughout the centuries. Personality psychology is also developed with and from other fields of psychology like child development, behavioral, cognitive, and few others. Personality psychology started its development from Hippocrates’ Four Humors, although it did not truly become it’s own field of psychology until Sigmund Freud developed his theory of personality. Freud practiced what he called the psychoanalytical†¦show more content†¦Freud claimed that personality is developed by age five. He further stated that each stage of development was defined as an erogenous zone of the body (Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Genital) (S chultz, 2013). Although Freud had many followers, few of them agreed with every one of Freud’s developed theories. These followers take the neo-psychoanalytical approach. One of the most well known neo-psychoanalysts was Carl Jung. Jung studied under Freud and Freud treated him like a son. Jung’s first major point that differed from Freud was that Jung believed that Freud focused far too much on sexuality. Jung expanded some of Freud’s definitions to limit the role of sexuality. Further, Jung believed that although the past does play a role in the development of personality, a person is equally shaped by their future goals and aspirations. Finally, Jung felt that Freud minimized the role of the unconscious (Schultz, 2013). Another Neo-psychoanalytical psychologist is Alfred Adler. In addition to Jung’s disagreement with Freud in terms of sexuality being a defining role in his theory, Adler also disagreed with the role that the unconscious played i n developing personality. Also, he disagreed with the biological and genetic approach that both Jung and Freud agreed upon. Adler theorized that human beings were innately social beings that were individually different from other people (Schultz, 2013). Finally, Karen Horney is the final

Business Contextual Factors

Question: Discuss about the Business Contextual Factors. Answer: Introduction Every business organizations operate in a business environment or context. The environment can either be internal or external. The internal context of a given business organization covers aspects within the organization that affects business operation which could be its stakeholders, the organizations governance, how an organization relates to its customers, its ability and the existing culture of the organization (Pojasek, 2013). The external contextual factors of an organization cover forces that lie outside its local operating environment and outside the stakeholders. They are factors that lie outside the business and can influence the objectives of the organization. PESTLE Analysis, SWOT Analysis and Porters Five Forces and TOWS Strategic Alternatives Matrix are some of the techniques used to analyze a business. They help the management to be able to examine the environment where the company is operating and therefore know the direction to take environment (Rajender and Kumar, 2012). Therefore, it is necessary for the management of every organization to use this technique for a deeper understanding of the context before making any decision. SWOT Analysis SWOT is an acronym word for Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. SWOT analysis is a very powerful technique used in evaluating the business situation. Analysis of the internal environment involves examination of organizations strengths and weakness (Seiler and Beall, 2010). The breakdown looks at the organization's operation environment and comes up with the positive factors it has, giving it strengths and then the challenges that the business faces internally thus the weaknesses. Opportunities and threats are factors that come out of the organization and therefore external factors (Agarwal, 2012). These are the possible positive factors from outside the organization that favors the business operation, thus opportunities and on the other side the negative factors from the outside that does not support the business process thus the threats. SWOT analysis is sometimes called the internal-external analysis (Milovanovi?, 2011). First, analysis of an organization's strength looks into factors that favor it over other competitors (NIST, 2013). Regarding this aspect, organizations should seek to find out what advantages they have over other players in the market. It should also identify what it can do best than anyone else in the market thus giving the business enterprise. The organization should apply unique input resources that it has that others do not have. It is, therefore, important for any organization to analyze the strengths they have in the banking and finance industry that has to make it realize the current success (Pojasek, 2013). On the other side, weaknesses are the other factors of consideration in SWOT Analysis. It is important for any organization to identify its weaknesses as a player in the market. It is much better to face the bitter truth and see how to address them than keep them and eventually kill the business enterprise (Singh, 2010). Further, opportunities should be assessed. These are much related to external factors that favor the performance of the business enterprise. It involves knowing the lucrative opportunities that can be sported. The interesting trends that are identified could also give the strengths for a business operation. It is also good to be keen to determine the opportunities that may happen to the organization due to change in technology. Change in the government policy and regulation that relates to the field could also present some opportunities to the entity (Pojasek, 2013). A keen eye should also be put on social and lifestyle changes because this also can offer opportuniti es to the business enterprise. And finally, a keen eye should be put on threats. It is important to identify what could be the dangers to the business operation. It involves a good look at the external hindrances faced in operation thus preventing the growth of the organization enterprise (McGee and Wilson, 2010). It is essential to know what the competitors are doing in the market. In addition to this, it is important to know whether the organization has cash flow problems and then consider them as threats. Changing technology could also be a source of threat to the business enterprise. Lastly, it is important to know whether the organizations weaknesses could be a source of threat to itself (Helms and Nixon, 2010). PESTLE Analysis This technique analyzes political factors, economic factors, social factors, technological factors, legal factors and environment factors. PESTLE analysis technique is used to analyze the impact of environment factors on the operations of the company (Slamanig, 2013). PESTLE is an acronym for political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environment. Political factors The political state of a country determines the survival of a given business organization. These include political stability, rules, and regulations. A fall in political stability will lead to lower profits and can reduce business continuity (Roseland, 2012). Economic factors These factors include a rate of inflation, monetary exchange rates, interests rates and economic growth. It is important for every organization to understand the economic factors in its environment (Whalley, 2010). Social factors These include factors such as age, gender, occupation, racial compositions and cultural trends. Cultural trends are able to influence demand of goods and services. Social factors have an impact on the business structure and the strategy of a given organization. Technological factors Innovations enable companies to be able to establish the competitive advantage over rivals (NIST, 2013). Technological advancement has a significant impact on business because new technologies can lower operational costs and increase efficiency, and on the other side, they can be a pause a challenging situation in decision making due to obsolete. Legal factors These are legislative policies put in place to govern business operations. They include health and safety laws, consumer protections laws, anti-trust laws and employment laws. Environment factors These include weather and climate changes together with various environmental laws. Most of the environmental factors are the acts of God and therefore the organizations have little influence over these factors (Whalley, 2010). Porters (1998) Five Forces Model Porters (1998) Five Forces Model considers five aspects in the market. These aspects are supplier power, buyer power, the threat of new entrants and threat of substitutes. All this is done with a central consideration aspect of competitor rivalry (NIST, 2013). First, supplier power, the organization will look into supplier concentration, the importance of volume, impacts of inputs on the cost differentiation, differentiation of inputs, switching costs of firms, input substitute availability, and the threat of forward integration. On the other hand, the buyer power is looked into bargaining leverage, buyer volume, the threat of backward integration, brand identity, price sensitivity, buyer incentives and the availability of substitutes (Milovanovi?, 2011). New entrant threats will consider the absolute cost advantages, proprietary learning curve, switching costs, proprietary products, expected retaliation, brand equity, government policy capital requirements and switching costs (Singh, 2010). On the other side, the threat of substitutes will consider switching costs, buyer inclination to substitute, availability of alternatives and the price performance trade-off. Finally, the last force is degree of competitor rivalry. Here the organization analyzes the industry concentration, fixed costs, product differences, exit barriers, switching costs, diversity of rivals and brand value. Understanding the competitors is an important aspect in understanding the competitive advantage of the organization (NIST, 2013). The TOWS Strategic Alternatives Matrix The TOWS Strategic Alternatives Matrix is a technique used to integrate the external and internal business contextual factors. TOWS is an acronym for Threats, Opportunities, Weaknesses and Strengths. It analyzes the SWOT Analysis in a different way. It starts with looking at the opportunities and threats of the environment (Kotler and Amstrong, 2014). Finally, it looks into external characteristics of the organization; these are strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, this matrix tries to couple the internal and external environment of the organization. This is important because it provides a combined overview of both environments (Singh, 2010). Conclusion In conclusion, it is important for every organization to analyze its business contextual factors because it helps the company to realize some of its unexploited strength and opportunities, and other factors in the market environment that are favorable to the organization thus key for the growth of any business enterprise. In addition to this, one can identify the weakness and threats to the organizations operation. It presents a clear opportunity to do what is necessary to the business in handling operational challenges to improve the service. It is, therefore, important for every organization to analyze the business environment to realize an efficient way for succeeding overseas. References Agarwal, (2012). Meta -SWOT: introducing a new strategic planning tool. Journal of Business Strategy Helms, M.M., and Nixon, J. (2010). Exploring SWOT analysis -where are we now?: A review of academic research from the last decade. Journal of Strategy and Management Kotler.P, Amstrong G.(2014). Principles of Marketing Pearson Education Limited 2014 McGee,J., Wilson,D. (2010). Strategy: Analysis and Practice. McGraw-Hill Milovanovi?, S. (2011) 'Aims and Critical Success Factors of Knowledge Management System Projects', Economics and Organization NIST (2013). Criteria for Performance Excellence 2013-2014. Gaithersburg, MD: US Department of Commerce and Government Printing Office Pojasek, Robert (2013). Organizations and their Contexts: Where Risk Management .quickmba.com/strategy/pest Rajender, K. and Kumar, K.P. (2012) 'Knowledge Management Practices in SME Sector An Empirical Study', International Journal of Business and Management Tomorrow Roseland, Mark (2012). Toward Sustainable Communities. 4th Edition. Gabriola Island, British Columbia, Canada: New Society Publishers Seiler, W.J. Beall, M.L. (2010). Communication: Making Connections. Connecting in the Organizational Context - Chapter 18Old Tappan, New Jersey: Pearson Longman Publishers Singh N (2010). SWOT Analysis A Useful Tool For Community Vision A concept paper of central Himalayan village Slamanig,M. (2013). PEST Analysis (1sted.). Hungary, HI: Grin Verlag. Whalley A (2010). Strategic Marketing. Andrew Whally and Ventus Publishing APS

Love Essays - Literature, Poetry, Scottish Literature, Emotions

Love In Literature There are many different interpretations and feelings about love being a beautiful thing and love being an ordinary thing depending on ones past. Two contrasting thoughts about love are expressed by Robert Burns in his poem "A Red, Red Rose", and by Edna St. Vincent Millay in her poem "Love Is Not All: It Is Not Meat nor Drink." Burns feels that his love is beautiful and he would do anything for it. Millay portrays her feelings of love as if it were just something that most people feel and it is no big deal. "A Red, Red Rose" discusses how Burns' love is so good. He starts off by saying "O, my luve is like a red, red rose," which means his love is beautiful, sweet, and elegant, but it still has thorns. Burns also speaks of love as a never-ending feeling when he says "And I will luve thee still, my dear, /Till a' the seas gang dry." Of course he knows the sea will never go dry, and he uses that as a metaphor for everlasting. Burns expresses the fact that he will do anything for his love in such words as "And I will come again, my luve, Though it were ten thousand mile!" He is willing to travel far in order to see his love. To Burns nothing is as important to him as his love. "Love Is Not All: It Is Not Meat nor Drink" is a poem in which the author feels love is ordinary. Millay shows how she feels love is overrated. "Love is not all: it is meat nor drink" states that love can not feed you if you are hungry. Most of what she says is love can not save you from death, love can not heal broken bones, nor can love be traded for other things a person is in need of. She says, "Yet many man is making friends with death/Even as I speak, for lack of love alone." meaning people kill themselves because they are missing love in their lives. To Millay love is just something a person does. Burns' thought about love is compared to a red rose, which is viewed as beautiful in our culture. He expresses that love is a wonderful thing. Millay contrasts Burns' opinion by stating that she feels love can not do what people think it can do. It is not the food we eat nor the air we breathe. Two different ways of thinking and seeing things are portrayed in these poems. Depending on a person's past experiences in life they have different views on episodes in life. Love can be a good thing, but it can also be a bad thing.